Media Ownership Transparency2021-08-30T12:57:52+02:00

WHO REALLY OWNS THE MEDIA?

IN ONLY 9 OUT OF 20 COUNTRIES CAN THE PUBLIC FIND OUT WHO THE
REAL OWNERS OF THE BROADCAST MEDIA ARE

YOU HAVE A RIGHT TO KNOW!

  • In only 9 of the 20 countries can the public find out who the actual owners of the broadcast media are from reporting to media regulators or to company registers.
  • Disclosure to media regulators of beneficial (ultimate) owners of media outlets is not currently required in most of the countries.
  • There is no unified or standard approach to collecting or requiring disclosure to the public of media ownership data, particularly with regard to print and online media.

Why do we want this information?

The public availability of accurate, comprehensive, and up-to-date data on media ownership is an essential component of a democratic media system. It is impossible to take steps to address excessive media concentrations and conflicts of interest without the tools to identify the owners. The public knowledge of owners’ identities helps to ensure that abuses of media power can be assessed, publicised, openly debated and – even – prevented. Both media regulators and the general public must have access to information about who owns – and influences – media outlets.

Do you still have questions about why we need to know who owns the media? Check out our FAQs!

THE TEN RECOMMENDATIONS ON
TRANSPARENCY OF MEDIA OWNERSHIP

        1.   Disclosure of essential basic information

        2.   Information is findable and free

        3.   Information is regularly updated

        4.   Data is reusable and in open formats

        5.   Progressive increase in transparency

        6.   Transparency of influence

        7.   Clear and precise legal framework

        8.   Oversight by an independent body

        9.   Direct disclosure to the public

        10. Transnational access and comparability

Download the Recommendations in full (.pdf), and scroll down for the country-by-country analysis

WHO ELSE THINKS TRANSPARENCY OF THE MEDIA
IS IMPORTANT?

Find out more – read our FAQs, dive into our research, or check out the updates. Why not take a look at our interviews with academics, journalists, activists, and media outlets. Watch all interviews here!

Media transparency is important for those who are consuming media. If I’m reading a newspaper, or watching television, I would like to know who is providing me with this information.
Alison Harcourt, Associate Professor at University of Exeter

Media products can affect and influence the way people think, what decisions people take, and so knowing who is behind the media, or a media enterprise, is key to a transparent society.
Florian Skrabal, Founder of dossier.at
Every media transports some kind of opinión, some kind of mindset, and since media are so strongly involved in the creation of mindsets, in the influence of what people think, it’s important to know who are the people that tell you what to think.
Florian Philapitsch, Vice Chairman of KommAustria

I can’t think of any reason at all why the public or society at large should not know who owns any media organisation.
Gavin Sheridan, Investigative Journalist and FOI Expert
The civil society has the right to know who is speaking to them.
Alexander Kashumov, Head of the Legal Team; Access to Information Programme, Sofia, Bulgaria

The media scene has changed globally, everywhere, and you have a situation where there’s so many ways of sophisticated pressures.
Ana Petruseva, Managing Editor, Balkan Insight, BIRN Country Director Macedonia

Country-by-Country Research and Analysis

Contact us if you are interested in researching the transparency of media ownership in your country.

austria

Austria

azerbaijan

Azerbaijan

bulgaria

Bulgaria

croatia

Croatia

cyprus

Cyprus

georgia

Georgia

germany

Germany

iceland

Iceland

italy

Italy

latvia

Latvia

luxembourg

Luxembourg

macedonia

Macedonia

morocco

Morocco

netherlands

Netherlands

norway

Norway

romania

Romania

spain

Spain

switzerland

Switzerland

turkey

Turkey

united_kingdom

United Kingdom

WHO ENDORSES THE RECOMMENDATIONS AND
JOINED THE CAMPAIGN?

Check out who else has signed up to support the recommendations

International CSOs

Access Info Europe
African Initiative for Communication and Freedom of Expression
Corporate Europe Observatory
Freedom Forum
Open Society Program on Independent Journalism
Publish What You Pay
Sunlight Foundation
The MediaWise Trust
Universal Rights Network
Xchange Perspectives e.V.

Individuals

Ana Revuelta Alonso, Researcher
Carlos Pallarol, Journalist
Reynaldo Castro Melgarejo, Researcher

Media

Eldiario.es

Private companies

Openwise PC

National and other CSOs

ACEP
ALBANIAN MEDIA INSTITUTE
Amis de la Terre Isère
Association Funky Citizens
Association of Journalists of Macedonia
Bangladesh NGOs Network for Radio & Communication (BNNRC)
Berne Declaration / Erklärung von Bern
Campaign for Press and Broadcasting Freedom
CDDI
Civil Control for Animal Defense
Civio Foundation
D.A.T.A.
European Federation of Journalists
Forum Informationsfreiheit
Fundación Civiliter
Fundación Economistas sin Fronteras
GONG
Independent Association of Georgian Journalists
Independent Media Trade Union of Ukraine
Informace pro vsechny
Institute for Development of Freedom of Information (IDFI)
Investigative Journalism Center, Zagreb-Croatiater
K-Monitor (Hungary)
Media Reform Coalition
Mertek Media Monitor
National Council for Radio and Television (Greece)
Nexus Research
ONG Moral
Opcions
Palestinian center for development and media freedoms-mada
Peace Institute Ljubljana
Press Council of Kosovo
Press Institute of Mongolia
Public Association Center for Promotion of Freedom of Expression and Access to Information
Qué hacen los diputados
République Citoyenne
Right to Information Assesment and Advocacy Group
Solidaridad Postal
Transparency International Ukraine

MEDIA OWNERSHIP TRANSPARENCY LATEST NEWS

7Nov 2013

Recommendations for Transparency of Media Ownership presented to Council of Europe

Belgrade/Madrid, 7 November 2013 - Access Info Europe and the Open Society Media Program today launched Ten Recommendations for Transparency of Media Ownership in a presentation to the 47 governments of the Council of Europe meeting in Belgrade, Serbia. Presenting the recommendations, Mark Thompson of the Open Society Media Program called for the Council of Europe to take a lead

12Sep 2013

Background research

Global results Transparency of Media Ownership - full data  Country-by-country research Austria Azerbaijan Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Georgia Germany Iceland Italy Latvia Luxembourg Macedonia Morocco Netherlands Norway Romania Spain Switzerland Turkey United Kingdom

1Aug 2013

UK TMO Consultation

Can the public find out who owns the media through free access to the essential information required? It is only possible to find out who owns the broadcast media in the UK. This is via the reporting requirements to the media authority (Ofcom) under the Broadcasting Act 1990 and Communications Act 2003. In common with Norway and Luxembourg, the law

1Aug 2013

Turkey TMO Consultation

Can the public find out who owns the media through free access to the essential information required? It is not possible to find out who owns the media in Turkey through media-specific or corporate laws. Neither print media (under the Press Law) nor broadcast (under the Law on the Establishment of Radio and Television Institutions and Their Broadcasts) or online

1Aug 2013

Switzerland TMO Consultation

Can the public find out who owns the media through free access to the essential information required? It is not possible to ascertain who owns broadcast, print or online media in Switzerland via information reported under media-specific or company law. Swiss law does not go very far in respect of transparency requirements compared to other countries, being based more on

1Aug 2013

Spain TMO Consultation

Can the public find out who owns the media through free access to the essential information required? It is not possible to find out who owns print, online or broadcast media in the Spain through media-specific or company laws. The broadcast media and online media are regulated by the General Statute on Audiovisual Communication. The statute does not requires disclosure